Positive Supports for Behavior and Discipline Resource Database

The PBIS Implementation Blueprint (4.0) provides guidance for implementers interested in (a) exploring and getting ready to implement PBIS, (b) getting started with PBIS, and/or (c) getting better at enhancing, sustaining, and/or scaling (expanding) their efforts in educational settings.

Although research indicates that PBIS effectively promotes positive student outcomes and improves school climate and culture, little is known about the involvement in and effectiveness of PBIS for students with extensive support needs (ESN). Students with ESN include students with significant cognitive disabilities. In response to two calls for continued research focused on PBIS and students with ESN, we conducted this literature review to summarize the current literature. In this report, we present the characteristics of the literature and implications for practice and future research initiatives. The review identifies 10 studies that have been conducted since the first call to action. A majority of them examined stakeholder perspectives on the importance and availability of school-wide PBIS for students with ESN, with perceptions varying across stakeholders and PBIS elements.

The purpose of this study was to examine discipline disproportionality among schools implementing SWPBIS compared to the entire population of schools in the U.S. Examining patterns in a large-scale evaluation of schools implementing and not implementing SWPBIS could help determine the extent to which implementation of SWPBIS is related to lower, higher, or unchanged discipline disparities.

An 18-part CPIR article that takes a not-so-brief look at how student placement can be affected by disciplinary actions at school.

Positive and consistent behavioral supports are needed by all students and, for some students, are absolutely vital to support meaningful engagement in academics. Distance learning situations are no different in this regard. An initial task before educators is identifying and transferring the knowledge of things that work in school to the new reality that exists for families at home. Collaboration and communication are key.  Also key are deliberately defining what those supports have been historically, and what they should be within the new context and activities so that families can best support their children with the most success. By intentionally identifying and consistently providing these supports, students with significant cognitive disabilities will be more able to participate and engage the same as their peers within the current distance learning reality.

Racial and ethnic inequities in school discipline are widespread and persistent, even in schools implementing PBIS with fidelity. Yet integrating components of a multicomponent equity-centered approach into existing tiered frameworks is showing promise for improving equity in student outcomes. This brief describes the Center on PBIS’s 5-Point Equity Approach and the evidence for its positive effects on discipline disproportionality.

This article describes the efforts of one state to address unacceptably high rates of child care expulsion. The primary policy initiative involved the funding of a center to develop model sites, a state-level planning team, ongoing practitioner training, and certification of coaches and trainers all built around the Pyramid Model. Results showed showed a dramatic reduction in expulsion rates and a corollary increase in providers’ teaching of prosocial skills to children with challenging behavior.

Universal behavior screening data can be used with other school data to provide educators with valuable information about the overall level of students’ performance at Tier 1 as well as an indicator of students who may need additional supports. This brief presents guiding questions to interpret screening data in a three-step process: examine student performance for the school as a whole, consider teacher-delivered, low-intensity supports, and make decisions for students who might require Tier 2 and Tier 3 supports.

Research tells us that high-quality, supportive early childhood programs have a positive effect on the lives of infants, young children, and families. Recent data show a troubling number of children are expelled or kicked out of early childhood settings, impacting their ability to recieve the benefits that early childhood programs provide. This fact sheet offers data on early childhood expulsion and suspension, resources, and ways early educators and systems can help.

This Guide provides early care and education systems and programs with a framework for addressing exclusionary discipline practices. The Guide includes a review of the data on exclusionary discipline practices, provides information on the systemic drivers of disparities, and provides a framework for addressing rates and disparities.

This PDF contains data on suspension and expulsions and the use of seclusion and restraint across the nation and state-by-state. Data include information on preschools, and are disaggregated by race/ethnicity and disability status.This PDF contains data on suspension and expulsions and the use of seclusion and restraint across the nation and state-by-state.

On June 2, 2016 the Center for Civil Rights Remedies along with UCLA released the report: The High Cost of Harsh Discipline and Its Disparate Impact. This report builds on research that demonstrates that excessive school suspensions fail to improve school learning environments or enhance academic achievement.